Essential Dog Training Tips: Expert Insights from Bianca De Vos From Pawsitively Pet Sitting and Training

• What are the foundational training cues every dog should learn?
• How can pet owners effectively communicate with their dogs during training?
• What are some common mistakes owners make when training their dogs, and how can they avoid them?
• How important is consistency in training, and what strategies can help maintain it?
• What role does positive reinforcement play in dog training?
• How can owners address specific challenges, such as leash pulling or jumping?
• Are there particular training tools or resources you recommend for new pet owners?
• Can pet owners rely on social media for training advice?

Training your dog is more than just teaching them training cues—it’s about building trust, fostering understanding, and creating a strong bond between you and your furry companion. Bianca De Vos, an animal behaviourist and founder of Pawsitively Pet Sitting and Training, shares her expert insights on essential training techniques, common pitfalls to avoid, and the power of positive reinforcement. Whether you’re a seasoned pet owner or a first-time dog parent, these tips will help you lay the foundation for a happy and well-behaved pet.

What are the foundational training cues every dog should learn?

The most crucial cue a dog should learn is a reliable recall—teaching them to come when called. This skill can save your dog’s life in potentially dangerous situations, like running into traffic or wandering away in a public space. It’s essential for safety and is foundational for further training.

How can pet owners effectively communicate with their dogs during training?

Start off by knowing what your pet’s stress signals are and what they look like. This is crucial when a dog is stressed or uncomfortable, as it will be hard for them to work with you. Break the training down into baby steps so that it’s clear and that your dog receives success during training sessions. This way, you will avoid frustration. Be consistent and not confusing. Your timing is important, when rewarding at the wrong time, it is possible that you would reward the wrong behaviour.  Using marker words, for example, “good girl,” and “good boy,” after the desired behaviour with a reward. Rewards can be anything your dog likes (Toys, food, your excited voice etc), food rewards also come in different values. For example, at home, normal kibble might work, but when out in a distracted environment, using treats of a higher value, like pieces of chicken or meaty treats, would work better.

What are some common mistakes owners make when training their dogs, and how can they avoid them?

Inconsistency in training

Consistency is essential for effective training. It reduces stress, minimises confusion, and prevents undesirable behaviours. For example, if you’re teaching your dog an alternative behaviour to stop jumping up, everyone in the household must be consistent. If one family member allows the dog to jump up while others discourage it, this inconsistency creates confusion for the dog. Regular communication among household members can help maintain a consistent approach.

Using punishment or corrections

Punishment should never be used on pets. While frustration is natural—after all, we’re only human—it’s important not to take it out on your dog. Punishment doesn’t teach your dog anything positive; instead, it creates fear and damages the bond between you. If you feel overwhelmed, take a deep breath, step back, and reassess the situation. If challenges persist, consult an accredited behaviourist for guidance on the best steps forward.

Unrealistic expectations

Expecting too much from your dog can lead to frustration. Each dog learns at their own pace. Break behaviours into smaller, manageable steps, especially if your dog is struggling. Comparing your dog to others can create unnecessary pressure. Focus on your dog’s progress rather than striving for perfection.

Observing your dog’s body language is essential to manage expectations. Dogs communicate through their posture, movements, and facial expressions. If they show signs of discomfort or disinterest, it’s time to stop or change your approach. Shorter training sessions of 10–15 minutes are more effective than long, drawn-out sessions.

How important is consistency in training, and what strategies can help maintain it?

Consistency is fundamental in dog training. It helps dogs understand what behaviours are desirable and prevents confusion. To maintain consistency:

• Clearly define the behaviours you want to encourage.
• Communicate these goals with everyone in the household.
• Use tools like a reward jar with treats at home to reinforce positive behaviours—reward your dog every time they exhibit the desired behaviour.

What role does positive reinforcement play in dog training?

Positive reinforcement is the cornerstone of modern dog training. It involves rewarding your dog for performing desired behaviours, using things they find enjoyable, such as food, toys, or play.

The benefits of positive reinforcement are significant:

• It strengthens the bond between you and your dog.
• It reduces stress and fear during training.
• It helps your dog clearly understand what is expected, especially when techniques like luring or shaping are used.

Training sessions that focus on positive reinforcement are enjoyable for dogs, encouraging them to repeat desirable behaviours without fear or stress caused by punitive methods.

Think of it this way: When a dog enjoys a training session, its stress levels could decrease. Instead of feeling fearful or stressed due to force, punishment, or aversive methods, it is more likely to repeat the behaviour. 

How can owners address specific challenges, such as leash pulling or jumping?

Lead Pulling

• Use the right equipment: A Y-shaped harness and a non-retractable lead are ideal. Retractable leads can pose safety hazards, especially on busy streets.
• Stop when your dog pulls: Instead of following them, stop walking or change direction. Use cues like “Let’s go!” when you resume walking.
• Reward check-ins: Praise and reward your dog when they look back at you during walks. This helps maintain focus in distracting environments.

By not allowing pulling to lead to rewards (e.g., sniffing a tree), you discourage the behaviour. Consistency is key!

Jumping

• Reward all four paws on the ground: When your dog jumps, stand still and wait for them to return all four paws to the ground. Reward them immediately. Repeating this reinforces the idea that staying grounded is more rewarding than jumping.
• Teach an alternative behaviour: Use a well-practised “sit” cue with a hand signal. Praise your dog when they sit instead of jumping. Start in low-stimulation environments before progressing to more exciting situations.

Are there particular training tools or resources you recommend for new pet owners?

There should not be any training tools on the market; they don’t work, and most of them are aversive. Avoid aversive training tools, as they often cause harm and don’t address the root cause of unwanted behaviours. Instead, focus on teaching desired behaviours using positive reinforcement.

For new pet parents, finding an accredited training school or behaviourist is invaluable. Puppy classes are especially important for socialisation and early development. Ensure the school or trainer uses positive reinforcement methods to create a safe and effective learning environment for your dog.

Can pet owners rely on social media for training advice?

While some trainers on social media use positive reinforcement, it’s essential to be discerning. Avoid techniques involving punishment, force, or aversive tools. Learning to identify and reject harmful practices is critical when sourcing training tips online.